H.R.2012 - Iran Sanctions Relief Review Act of 2025 (119th Congress)
Summary
H.R.2012, the Iran Sanctions Relief Review Act of 2025, mandates congressional review of any presidential action to terminate or waive sanctions on Iran. This includes actions related to the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 and other related legislation. The bill requires the President to submit a report to Congress detailing the proposed action and its justification before implementation.
Expected Effects
The primary effect of this bill is to increase congressional oversight of executive actions regarding Iran sanctions. It introduces a period of review and potential disapproval by Congress before the President can implement changes to sanctions policy. This could lead to delays or prevent the President from altering sanctions, depending on congressional support.
Potential Benefits
- Increased congressional oversight ensures greater accountability in foreign policy decisions related to Iran.
- It provides a check on executive power, preventing unilateral action on sanctions relief.
- The review process allows for informed debate and consideration of the potential impacts of sanctions relief on national security.
- It ensures that alterations to US foreign policy regarding Iran are subject to congressional approval.
- The bill promotes transparency by requiring the President to submit detailed reports to Congress.
Potential Disadvantages
- The review process could delay or obstruct necessary adjustments to sanctions policy, hindering diplomatic efforts.
- It may create friction between the executive and legislative branches, complicating foreign policy decision-making.
- The bill could be used for political maneuvering, potentially undermining the President's ability to conduct foreign policy effectively.
- It might send mixed signals to Iran and other countries, creating uncertainty about US policy.
- The increased oversight could lead to leaks of sensitive information, potentially harming national security.
Constitutional Alignment
The bill aligns with the Constitution's system of checks and balances, particularly Article I, Section 8, which grants Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations. It also reflects Congress's role in foreign policy oversight. However, it could be argued that it infringes on the President's executive power in foreign affairs, potentially leading to constitutional challenges regarding the separation of powers.
Impact Assessment: Things You Care About ⓘ
This action has been evaluated across 19 key areas that matter to you. Scores range from 1 (highly disadvantageous) to 5 (highly beneficial).