H.R.2665 - Trade Review Act of 2025 (119th Congress)
Summary
H.R.2665, the Trade Review Act of 2025, aims to increase congressional oversight of presidential imposition of duties (tariffs) on imported goods. The bill mandates that the President notify Congress within 48 hours of imposing or increasing a duty, providing justification and impact assessment. Any such duty would expire after 60 days unless Congress approves it via a joint resolution.
The Act excludes antidumping and countervailing duties and establishes expedited procedures for congressional review. It amends the Trade Act of 1974 to include these new requirements.
Expected Effects
The primary effect of this bill would be to limit the President's unilateral power to impose tariffs. It introduces a mechanism for Congress to review and potentially disapprove of new duties. This could lead to fewer tariffs being implemented or tariffs being implemented for shorter durations.
Potential Benefits
- Increased Congressional Oversight: Provides Congress with greater control over trade policy.
- Transparency: Requires the President to explain the reasoning behind new tariffs.
- Economic Impact Assessment: Mandates assessment of potential impact on US businesses and consumers.
- Checks and Balances: Reinforces the separation of powers by involving Congress in trade decisions.
- Potential for Reduced Trade Wars: Could prevent unilateral trade actions that escalate into trade conflicts.
Potential Disadvantages
- Delays in Trade Action: The review process could slow down the government's ability to respond quickly to unfair trade practices.
- Political Gridlock: Congressional disapproval could be influenced by political considerations rather than economic ones.
- Reduced Presidential Authority: Limits the President's flexibility in trade negotiations.
- Increased Lobbying: Could lead to increased lobbying efforts by industries seeking to influence congressional votes on tariffs.
- Uncertainty for Businesses: The potential for congressional disapproval could create uncertainty for businesses involved in international trade.
Constitutional Alignment
The bill aligns with Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, which grants Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations. By requiring congressional review of tariffs, the bill reinforces Congress's role in trade policy. The bill also respects the separation of powers by providing a check on the executive branch's authority in trade matters.
Impact Assessment: Things You Care About ⓘ
This action has been evaluated across 19 key areas that matter to you. Scores range from 1 (highly disadvantageous) to 5 (highly beneficial).