H.R.2861 - Chaco Cultural Heritage Area Protection Act of 2025 (119th Congress)
Summary
H.R.2861, the Chaco Cultural Heritage Area Protection Act of 2025, aims to protect cultural and historical resources in the Greater Chaco region of New Mexico. The bill withdraws certain federal lands from mineral leasing and development to safeguard archaeological sites and the night sky. It also addresses tribal consultation and potential impacts from natural gas development.
Expected Effects
The act would prevent new oil and gas leases on federal land within the Chaco Cultural Heritage Withdrawal Area. Existing non-producing leases would be terminated. The Secretary of the Interior may convey or exchange federal land with Indian Tribes.
Potential Benefits
- Preservation of significant archaeological and cultural sites.
- Protection of the night sky for astronomical observation.
- Recognition and respect for tribal cultural affiliation and sacred sites.
- Mitigation of potential adverse impacts from energy development on local communities.
- Potential for land conveyance to Indian Tribes, supporting tribal sovereignty.
Potential Disadvantages
- Potential reduction in energy production and associated economic activity in the region.
- Possible limitations on access to mineral resources.
- Potential conflicts with existing mineral rights holders.
- Increased regulatory burden on energy development.
- Possible delays or complications in infrastructure development.
Constitutional Alignment
The bill aligns with Congress's power to manage federal lands under Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2 of the Constitution (the Property Clause). It also acknowledges tribal sovereignty and the federal government's trust responsibility to Indian tribes, which has been recognized through treaties and court decisions. The bill's provisions for tribal consultation align with Executive Order 13175, reinforcing the government-to-government relationship.
Impact Assessment: Things You Care About ⓘ
This action has been evaluated across 19 key areas that matter to you. Scores range from 1 (highly disadvantageous) to 5 (highly beneficial).