H.R.630 - Neighbors Not Enemies Act (119th Congress)
Summary
H.R. 630, the "Neighbors Not Enemies Act," aims to repeal the Alien Enemies Act (50 U.S.C. 21-24). The bill was introduced in the House of Representatives on January 22, 2025, by Ms. Omar and several co-sponsors. It seeks to remove the provisions allowing for the apprehension, restraint, securing, and removal of alien enemies during times of war or declared national emergency.
Expected Effects
If enacted, the Alien Enemies Act would be repealed, eliminating the legal framework for detaining and deporting individuals deemed "alien enemies" during war or national emergency. This would change the legal landscape regarding the treatment of non-citizens during such times. It would likely require the government to rely on other existing laws and procedures when dealing with potential threats from non-citizens.
Potential Benefits
- Reduces the potential for discriminatory treatment of non-citizens during times of conflict.
- Aligns U.S. law more closely with principles of due process and human rights.
- Removes a law that some may view as outdated or overly broad.
- May improve the international perception of the U.S. regarding civil liberties.
- Could lead to a more nuanced and less fear-driven approach to national security.
Potential Disadvantages
- May reduce the government's ability to quickly respond to potential threats from non-citizens during wartime.
- Could be perceived as weakening national security measures.
- May create legal challenges in dealing with individuals who pose a security risk but are not easily deportable under other laws.
- Potential for increased difficulty in managing non-citizen populations during a national emergency.
- Some may argue it removes a necessary tool for protecting the nation.
Most Disadvantaged Areas:
Constitutional Alignment
The bill aligns with constitutional principles related to due process and equal protection under the law, particularly the Fifth Amendment, which guarantees due process to all persons, not just citizens. By repealing the Alien Enemies Act, the bill seeks to reduce the potential for government overreach and protect the rights of non-citizens. However, Article I, Section 8 grants Congress the power to "declare War" and "make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water", which could be interpreted as providing a constitutional basis for the Alien Enemies Act.
Impact Assessment: Things You Care About ⓘ
This action has been evaluated across 19 key areas that matter to you. Scores range from 1 (highly disadvantageous) to 5 (highly beneficial).