S.1484 - Forecasting Optimization for Robust Earth Climate Analysis and S2S Tracking Act of 2025; FORECAST Act of 2025 (119th Congress)
Summary
S.1484, the FORECAST Act of 2025, aims to improve weather research and forecasting capabilities of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The bill focuses on enhancing subseasonal-to-seasonal forecasting, developing a weather and Earth system modeling workforce, and leveraging emerging technologies like AI and machine learning. It authorizes appropriations for these activities for fiscal years 2026 and 2027.
Expected Effects
The bill will likely lead to more accurate and timely weather forecasts, particularly for subseasonal-to-seasonal events. This could improve preparedness for extreme weather events and inform decision-making in various sectors, including agriculture, water management, and emergency response. Additionally, the workforce development program aims to address gaps in expertise and promote innovation in weather modeling and data assimilation.
Potential Benefits
- Improved accuracy of weather forecasts, especially for longer-term predictions.
- Enhanced preparedness for extreme weather events, reducing potential damage and loss of life.
- Development of a skilled workforce in weather modeling and data assimilation.
- Promotion of innovation in weather forecasting technologies through the use of AI and machine learning.
- Better informed decision-making in sectors reliant on weather information, such as agriculture and emergency response.
Potential Disadvantages
- Potential for increased government spending, although the bill authorizes rather than mandates appropriations.
- Risk that the benefits of improved forecasting may not be evenly distributed across all regions or communities.
- Possible challenges in effectively integrating emerging technologies into existing forecasting systems.
- Dependence on the successful recruitment and retention of qualified personnel for the workforce development program.
- The effectiveness of the program relies on the actual appropriations matching the authorized levels.
Constitutional Alignment
The bill aligns with the General Welfare Clause (Article I, Section 8) by promoting activities that aim to improve public safety and economic stability through better weather forecasting. The establishment of research programs and workforce development initiatives falls within the powers granted to Congress to regulate commerce and provide for the general welfare. No specific constitutional conflicts are apparent.
Impact Assessment: Things You Care About ⓘ
This action has been evaluated across 19 key areas that matter to you. Scores range from 1 (highly disadvantageous) to 5 (highly beneficial).